
Missing : Persons and Politics
Jennifer Ann Edkins
In Missing, Jenny Edkins highlights stories from a range of circumstances that shed light on this critical tension: the aftermath of World War II, when millions in Europe were displaced; the period following the fall of the World Trade Center towers in Manhattan in 2001 and the bombings in London in 2005; searches for military personnel missing in action; the thousands of political "disappearances" in Latin America; and in more quotidian circumstances where people walk out on their families and disappear of their own volition.

In the Loop: young people talking about missing
Families and Friends of Missing Persons Unit in collaboration with Emily, Izi, Lily and Max.
This book is written by and for children and young people who live with having someone missing in their lives. That missing person might be a parent or grandparent, a brother or sister, an aunt, uncle or cousin.

Haunting Argentina: Synecdoche in the protests of mothers of the Plaza de Mayo
Karen A. Foss
This essay analyzes the protests of the Mothers by means of the metaphor of haunting and suggest that their symbols‐diapers as kerchiefs, slogans and sayings, circling the plaza, and marches‐enact a haunting by means of synecdoche.

Missing persons in Australia
Marianne James, Jessica Anderson and Judy Putt
This paper identifies key priorities for further development to improve practices related to reducing the incidence of missing persons and the provision of services.

Communication, Liminality, and Hope: The September 11th Missing Person Posters
Kevin T. Jones, Kenneth S. Zagacki, Todd V. Lewis
In this paper, we argue that the posters represent a powerful response to a traumatic and in some ways unprecedented situation (September 11, 2001), a response that transformed the death of loved ones from a reality or future certainty into a probability made possible by the searchers' desire, emotions, or imagination.

The European Court of Human Rights and the Hague Child Abduction Convention: Prioritising Return or Reflection?
Peter McEleavy
This article analyses the Grand Chamber judgments in Neulinger and X v. Latvia and considers how compliance with Article 8 ECHR should be achieved in the application of the Hague Convention; prioritising return or reflection?

Mourning the Unfound: How We Can Help
Joan Beder
This article explores rituals surrounding death-rituals deprived of the mourners of the unfound-and suggests interventions that may be helpful to those struggling with this type of loss.

Ambiguous Loss : Learning to Live with Unresolved Grief
Pauline Boss
Frozen sadness - what we have when we cannot really know what we have lost. This is what Pauline Boss illuminates, and helps to ease.

Repeat reports to the police of missing people: locations and characteristics
Dr. Karen Shalev Greene and Professor Carol Hayden
The locations from which people are reported missing repeatedly in a one year period.

Missing Children and Adults: A Cross Government Strategy
Anon
Providing the correct and suitable protection for every child and especially protecting those children at risk.

Children Reported "Missing" to the Police: Is It Possible to "Risk Assess" Every Incident?
Carol Hayden, Jo Goodship
Focuses on the high volume of children gone missing in relation to the potential risks posed.

Business Case-Situation Report: Gwent Multi-Agency Missing Children and Young People Project
Ian Jones
Findings from the Gwent Multi-Agency Missing Children Workshops

The meaning of online problematic situations for children - Results of qualitative cross-cultural investigation in nine European countries
Eds: David Smahel & Michelle F. Wright
In this report, the findings of qualitative research from the EU Kids Online III study are presented. The research included children who used the internet weekly. The children were from nine European countries: Belgium, the Czech Republic, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Romania, Spain, and the United Kingdom.

National estimates of missing children: An overview
Sedlak, A. J., Finkelhor, D., Hammer, H., & Shultz, D. J.
Report summarising findings from the Second National Incidence Studies of Missing, Abducted, Runaway, and Thrownaway Children. National estimates of missing children based on surveys of households, juvenile residential facilities, and law enforcement agencies.

What to do when a child goes missing
Gwyther Rees
This guide gives some simple advice on what steps to
take when a child goes missing, based on our experience and the views of the young people involved.

Family Factors and Runaway Missing Children: A Review of Theories and Research
Ravi Shankar B. G., Ravindra D.Gadkar
This paper reviews the research that has investigated the relationship between family factors and runaway incidence of Children. It also examines the prominent theories to understand runaway phenomena. It aims to assist practitioners and policy makers who work with children and families to make evidence informed
decisions

Lost from view: Missing persons in the UK
Nina Biehal, Fiona Mitchell and Jim Wade
Thousands of people are reported missing each year, yet very little is known about who they are, why they disappear and what happens to them.

Return Interviews
Anon
Statutory guidance on children who run away or go missing states that when a child is found they should be offered an independent return interview), the document endeavors to explain how and why the interview should be conducted.

Runaway children in alternative care in Finland
Sami isoniemi
The researcher conducted research into the personal history of runaways through the National Database of Police in Finland.

Running the Risks
Lucy Holmes, Rachel Sturrock
This research project, jointly conducted by UK charities Missing People and Catch 22, explores the links between gang involvement and young people going missing.

Reaching Safe Places
Jane Thompson
The ‘Reaching Safe Places’ research aimed to explore a range of runaway journeys and highlight the policy and practice change needed to increase the likelihood of young people finding a safe place instead of an unsafe one.

Feasibility of chat for reaching runaways
Adinda Van Poucke
The study shows, as has other research, that only a minority of the children/youth take the step to involve professional help.

Risk Factors in Juvenile Runaways and Children of Late Childhood: A qualitative analysis
"Christos Fousianis, Vanessa Hatzithanasi, Aggeliki Kolokitha, Elena Petsa & Reggina Karantinou "
In this study the main risk factors that lead to youth runaways are presented in depth. The data (62 cases, from both genders since 2008) was collected during the counseling procedure with the families of runaways once the runaway had returned.

Children Rough Sleepers in the EU
Professor Kate Moss
Interim report on a project which focuses on homelessness and rough sleeping in children

Children Rough Sleepers in Europe : A Research Methodology
Professor Kate Moss and Paramjit Singh
Paper describing the methodology used in research into homelessness and rough sleeping in children.

HERE TO LISTEN? Return interviews provision for young runaways
Anon
Recommendations on return interviews

No One Runs Away For No Reason: Understanding Safeguarding Issues When Children and Young People Go Missing From Home
L Hill, J Taylor, F Richards, S Reddington
Paper exploring the safeguarding concerns and responses for children and young people who run away or go missing from home

Vulnerable Children on the run: A European Challenge
Martin Houghton-Brown
Summarizes a speech given by Martin Houghton-Brown given on the subject of children runaways.

Examining Missing Person Police Reports to Identify the Service Needs of Runaway Youth and Their Families
George Patterson
Examined situational and demographic characteristics in a sample of 47 children missing person police reports.

The Voice of the Child in International Child Abduction Proceedings under the 1980 Hague Convention - Project Report
This report considers the practical application of the right of the child to participate set out in Article 12 in the context of proceedings under the 1980 Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction. Project, which involved an international survey of 97 family justice professionals from 32 countries, found significant global diversity in the interpretation and implementation of the child objections exception and how best to hear a child in the context of Hague Convention proceedings.

The wellbeing of children in cases of international child abduction
Hilde Demarré
Presentation ''The wellbeing of children in cases of international child abduction'' was delivered at the conference was organised by the School of Psychology, University of Liverpool, partnered with the Centre for the Study of Missing Persons at Portsmouth University and sponsored by WPC Software and the UK Missing Person’s Unit.

CHILD ABDUCTIONS BY PARENTS: A HIGH IMPACT ON CHILDREN, YET LITTLE EFFORT MADE TO ACHIEVE RECONCILIATION
Hilde Demarré
This is a quantitative study that aims to identify certain trends over time. Doing this may help Child Focus to respond better to the needs of the parents and children involved, taking account of any changes in those needs. In addition, a number of additional research questions were incorporated into the study. These should give us a better understanding of the factors that can affect the well-being of children who have been abducted by one of their parents.

The Need for Concentrated Jurisdiction in Handling Parental Child Abduction Cases in the United States
Keelikolani Lee Ho
Taking examples from the international community, this comment explores the arguments for and against changing jurisdiction in the United States. This comment also provides a discussion of judicial best practices and stresses the need to expedite the return of abducted children.

Cross-border parental child abduction in the European Union
Dr. Lukas HECKENDORN URSCHELER, Dr. Ilaria PRETELL
This study aims at analysing the international, European and national legal framework applicable to cross-border parental child abduction, with a view to proposing recommendations for the improvement of the current system.

Behind the Curtains of International Child Abduction Proceedings
Anca Crihana, Anca-Raluca Sas & Tudor-Cristian Ciobanu
Have you ever heard about parents abducting their own child to another country? A parent takes away his child from the other parent or he refuses to return the child. What about the child’s best interests? What does the child actually want? What is his/her perspective on the abduction? Is it important to hear the voice of the child? Should the judge give weight to his/her testimony?

Enlèvement parental international d'enfants
Christine Guy-Ecabert, Elisabeth Volckrick
Saisir le juge ou s'engager dans la médiation ?

International Parental Child Abduction and Mediation
Nuria González Martín
The goal of this article is, first, to analyze the operation of the Hague Convention of 25 October 1980 on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction in the context of its Guide to Good Practice on Mediation to determine whether such guide will promote Mediation as a useful method for family conflict resolution in cases of international child abduction by one of the parents.

Child Abduction: European and Russian Perspectives
N Rostovtseva, Etienne Pataut
The paper studies one of the most topical issues arousing in international private law, i.e. internationalabduction of children by one of the parents

Child Abduction by a Parent or Exercising Parental Authority: Balancing European and National Regulations
Oana Ghiţă
The study aims to achieve normative distinction between the kidnapping of a child and exercise parental authority through the legal conditions in which such an act requires state intervention.

Protecting the Best Interests of the Child: International Child Abduction and the European Court of Human Rights
Helen Keller and Corina Heri
In its case law on international child abduction, the European Court of Human Rights (ecthr) seeks to interpret the European Convention on Human Rights (echr) in conformity with the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction. Both instruments safeguard the best interests of abducted children, but in different ways.

Living Losses: children alienated from their parents for ten years or more
Karen Woodall
Living losses is a project which brings together mothers from across the world to raise awareness of the way in which abduction of a child, relocation and alienation are linked to a pattern of coercive control.

How best to resolve cases of parental child abduction?
Joanne Orton
This paper explores how cases of parental child abduction are best resolved, the challenges we face with countries that are not signatories to the Hague Convention, and whether or not there is a role for mediation in these cases.

Mediation in cases of International Parental Abductions
Hilde Demarré
In 2014, the European Parliament published a study on the use of mediation vs court litigation in cross-border disputes. This research revealed that mediation is 60% less costly then court litigation and that in contrast to court litigation which takes on average 18 months to conclude, a mediation process takes an average of only 43 days.

Mediation Bureau of the Centre International Child Abduction
Birgitte M.J. Beelen

Report from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council and the European Economic and Social Committee on the Application of the Brussels IIa Regulation
Anon
Report on on the application of Council Regulation (EC) No 2201/2003 concerning jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgements in matrimonial matters and the matters of parental responsibility

An evaluation of the long-term effectiveness of Mediation in cases of International Parental Child Abduction
Trevor Buck
This research attempts to fill an important gap in the critical research in this field by evaluating the long-term effectiveness of mediation in cases of international parental child abduction and the effectiveness of the agreements reached within mediation

International Child Abduction - The effects
Marilyn Freeman
This two-year research project considered the long and short term effects of international parental child abduction and included an investigation of the effects on the abducted child through child interviews conducted by senior CAFCASS officers

The outcomes for children returned following an abduction
Marilyn Freeman
The aim of this research was to investigate the outcome for children returned to a European destination following an abduction concentrating on the lived realities of the international abduction experience for the family members afflicted by it

International Child Abduction - The inadequacies of the Law - Thalia Kruger
Thalia Kruger
Sets the problem of child abduction within its international context. It looks at the families in which abductions took place, how preparations were made for an abduction, the quest for the return of the child (including legal proceedings), and the aftermath of the abductions.

Reporter: A European divorce with children
Anon
What happens to the kids when their parents, nationals of different EU states, go their separate ways? EuroparlTV examined the case of a French-German couple.

Cross-border parental child abduction
Anon
Advice to international couples who separate and where one partner wishes to move to another European country.

My Child? Our Child! Prevention Guide International Child Abduction
Hilde Demarré
A guide intended to be a working tool for professionals who deal with international child abduction in their day-to-day practice. It helps detect a possible risk of international child abduction more quickly, to better assess an effective risk and to launch an appropriate assistance.

Family Mediation in International Family Conflicts
Brunilda Pali & Sandra Voet
Identifies data on potential informants and target groups of national and international training institutes, medication associations and trainers working in family mediation.

Guide to good practice Child Abduction Convention: Mediation
Anon
This guide promotes good practices in mediation and other processes in international family disputes concerning children which fall within the scope of the Hague Convention of 25 October 1980 on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction

Transfrontier contact concerning children. General Principles and a Guide to good practice
Anon
Guide setting out principles & good practices regarding implementation & application on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction, drawing attention to provisions in respect of Parental Responsibility and Measures for the Protection of Children & providing an overall model for constructing an international system of co-operation.

Guide to good practice Child Abduction Convention: Part IV - Enforcement
Anon
Guide with sections on Measures available in the requested State, their content and the conditions for their application; Legal challenges; The effect of legal challenges on the enforceability of return orders; The enforcement procedure and the actors involved; Promoting voluntary compliance; The child; Co-operation among actors within the requested State; Cross-border co-operation to ensure safe return; Training and education

Guide to good practice Child Abduction Convention: Part III - Preventive Measures
Anon
Deals with preventive measures. Preventing abduction is a key aim of the 1980 Convention and it is widely acknowledged that it is better to prevent abduction than to have to seek a child's return after abduction

Guide to good practice Child Abduction Convention: Part II - Implementing Measures
Anon
Guide with sections on Key operating principles; The path to signature and ratification or accession; Methods of implementation; Central Authorities; Organisation of the courts; Legal procedural matters; Legal aid and assistance; Aids to interpretation; Facilitating acceptance of accessions.

Guide to good practice Child Abduction Convention: Part I - Central Authority Practice
Anon
Guide with sections on Key operating principles; Establishing and consolidating the Central Authority; Abduction applications outgoing & incoming: role of the requesting Central Authority; Access applications: role of requesting and requested Central Authorities & other important functions and issues.

Cross-border family mediation. International parental abduction, custody and access cases
Christoph Paul & Sybille Kiesewetter
This book wants to provide both work aids for practical activity and training materials for mediation training in cross-border conflicts involving parents and children.

Studies in private international law: Mediating International Child Abduction Cases: The Hague Convention
Sarah Vigers
What is meant by Convention mediation? How can a mediation process fit within the constraints of the Convention? Why offer mediation in Convention cases given the existing legal framework? This book addresses these questions and in so doing seeks to encourage enthusiasm about the use of mediation in the Convention context to greater practice

ChildRescue White Paper: The need for homogenous legal framework on missing unaccompanied migrant minors in EU
Isabelle Brantl
For the EU, in cases of missing unaccompanied migrant minors, a vastly heterogeneous image has arisen. This white paper will thus attempt to analyse the current legal situation and make recommendations on potential improvements to support the interests of the children rather than those of the nation states.

How do EU Member States Treat Cases of Missing Unaccompanied Minors?
European Migration Network
The new Inform from the European Migration Network (EMN), in collaboration with international organisations, EU agencies and NGOs, offers a global picture of the phenomenon of migrant children going missing.

INTERACT: Practical guidance on preventing and responding to trafficking and disappearances of children in migration
Missing Children Europe
This handbook aims to stimulate and disseminate practices on how to better cooperate in prevention, response and after care of missing or exploited children in migration.

INTERACT: Report on multi-agency practical simulations on fictional cases in Belgium, France, Greece, Italy, the United Kingdom and Sweden
Missing Children Europe
This report illustrates the implementation and the results of the simulations of cases of missing children in migration is order to test practices and procedures for multi-agency collaboration at national and cross-border level.

From Europe to Afghanistan: Experiences of child returnees
Save the children
This report assesses the impact on children of being
returned from Europe to Afghanistan. Through interviews
with individual children, their parents or guardians,
and with governmental and non-governmental actors,
it builds a picture of children’s material, physical, legal
and psychosocial safety during the returns process.

Lost in Migration: Working together to protect children from disappearances, from European priorities to local realities
Missing Children Europe
Challenges and progress in implementing the European Commission Communication on the Protection of Children in Migration: Providing effective protection and enhancing integration at local level.

A study of the communication channels used by migrants and asylum seekers in Italy, with a particular focus on online and social media
European Commission
A study of the communication channels used by migrants and asylum seekers in Italy, with a particular focus on online and social media

Attitudes towards National Identity, Immigration and Refugees in Italy
Social Change Initiative
Attitudes towards National Identity, Immigration and Refugees in Italy

Uprooted and unprotected: A multi-agency approach to safeguarding children forced into migration through northern France
NSPCC’s Child Trafficking Advice Centre (CTAC)
Uprooted and unprotected: A multi-agency approach to safeguarding children forced into migration through northern France

There are alternatives: A handbook for preventing unnecessary immigration detention (revised edition)
International detention coalition
There are alternatives: A handbook for preventing unnecessary immigration detention (revised edition)

European commission communication on protecting children in migration
European Commission
European commission communication on protecting children in migration

European Parliament resolution on the protection of children in migration (May 2018)
European Commission
European Parliament resolution on the protection of children in migration (May 2018)

Let children be children: Lessons from the Field on the Protection and Integration of Refugee and Migrant Children in Europe
Eurochild and SOS Children's Villages
Let children be children: Lessons from the Field on the Protection and Integration of Refugee and Migrant Children in Europe

Trafficking along Migration Routes to Europe: Bridging the Gap between Migration, Asylum and Anti-Trafficking
Roberto Forin, International Centre for Migration Policy Development (ICMPD) and Claire Healy (ICMPD).
Trafficking along Migration Routes to Europe:
Bridging the Gap between Migration, Asylum and Anti-Trafficking

Forging a common path: A European approach to the integration of refugees and asylum-seekers
International Rescue Committee Brussels Office
The report argues that the EU is at a unique turning point at which it is vital to invest in the integration of people who have sought protection here, and that the institutions have a key role in putting this into practice. The implementation of the European Commission’s Action Plan on Integration coming to an end in 2018, ongoing discussions about the restructuring of EU funding for integration and a new Commission in 2019 create an ideal moment to reflect on the shape and extent of future EU action on integration. After providing an overview of the current situation of refugees and asylum-seekers in the EU in Section II, the report aims to contribute to this process by highlighting good practices and suggesting some fundamental considerations informed by the IRC’s many decades of experience in supporting the integration of people seeking protection internationally, in the U.S. and in Europe.

Heading back to harm A study on trafficked and unaccompanied children going missing from care in the UK
Andrea Simon, Chloe Setter,Lucy Holmes
This research attempts to quantify the number of unaccompanied asylum-seeking children and children who may be trafficked in the UK care system, as well as the number who go missing from care.

Thematic focus: Family tracing and family reunification
Fundamental Rights Agency
This section looks at the fundamental rights implications of the following practices in more detail:
Recent legislative changes
Family tracing
Family reunification
Dublin requests

Promoting Inclusion for Unaccompanied Young Asylum Seekers and Immigrants: A DUTY OF JUSTICE AND CARE
Terry Smith
The report of a two year transnational project involving government, local authorities NGOs and young asylum seekers.

Uprooted: THE GROWING CRISIS FOR REFUGEE AND MIGRANT CHILDREN
UNICEF
Uprooted: The growing crisis for refugee and migrant children presents new data that paint a sad and sobering global picture of the lives and situations of millions of children and families affected by violent conflict and other crises that make it seem safer to risk everything on a perilous
journey than to remain at home.

Missing Migrants in the Mediterranean: Addressing the Humanitarian Crisis
The report details the findings of the ESRC funded Mediterranean Missing project, which was launched as part of a wider £1 million ESRC research programme, in response to the ongoing humanitarian crisis.
Over a period of 12 months a team of researchers worked on the Greek island of Lesbos and in Sicily, Italy - the two main entry points for migrants and refugees into Europe and where a large number of boats carrying migrants have sunk in recent years - and looked at how the authorities deal with the bodies of migrants. They interviewed a range of relevant actors, including local authority employees, NGOs, coastguards, coroners, and funeral office staff, as well as families of missing migrants from Tunisia, Syria and Iraq, to understand their experience.

I Minori Vittimi Di Tratta E Sfruttamento: Chi Sono, Da Dove Vengono E Chi Lucra Su Di Loro
Viviana Coppola, Eva Lo Iacono
I bambini e gli adolescenti vittime di lavoro forzato nel mondo - un fenomeno più ampio della tratta e in alcuni casi connesso - sono 168 milioni; tra questi 85 milioni svolgono lavori altamente rischiosi per la loro salute e sicurezza, come il lavoro in agricoltura, in miniera, nell’edilizia o nelle fabbriche.

The long wait: Filling data gaps relating to refugees and displaced people in Calais camp
A team of 20 researchers conducted a survey investigating the Calais camp’s demographic composition, potential human rights violations occurring amongst the people currently living there, and their future aspirations and plans.

Practical guidance on preventing and responding to unaccompanied children going missing
Federica Toscano, Delphine Moralis, Jan Murk, Rebecca O’Donnell
This handbook aims to stimulate and disseminate practices on how to better cooperate in prevention, response and after care of missing unaccompanied children.

UNICEF releases report “children’s rights in return policy and practice in Europe’’
UNICEF
UNICEF has concerns about the situation and the protection of unaccompanied and separated children who may be returned to their country of origin. One of the main recommendations of the report is that return policies should be made child proof and in line with children's rights.

Guidelines on the Applicable Criteria and Standards relating to the Detention of Asylum-Seekers and Alternatives to Detention
UNHCR
Guidelines on the Applicable Criteria and Standards relating to the Detention of Asylum-Seekers and Alternatives to Detention

Association for the Prevention of Torture (APT) and the International Detention Coalition (IDC), Monitoring Immigration Detention: Practical Manual
Eve Lester
The rights to liberty and security of person are fundamental human rights, reflected in the international prohibition on arbitrary detention, and supported by the right to freedom of movement. While States have the right to control the entry and stay of non-nationals on their territory, this right needs to be exercised while respecting refugee and human rights law standards.

Beyond Detention: A Global Strategy to support governments to end the detention of asylum-seeker and refugees
UNHCR
Putting people in detention has become a routine – rather than exceptional – response to the irregular entry or stay of asylum-seekers and migrants in a number of countries. Some governments view detention as a means to dissuade irregular migration to or applying for asylum in their territories. While acknowledging that irregular entry or stay may present many challenges to States, detention is not the answer.

Bulgaria: progress needed to better protect children, improve media freedom and uphold the human rights of migrants
Counsil of Europe
Referring to reported cases of violence perpetrated in several types of institutions for children, both among children and by adults, the Commissioner called on the Bulgarian authorities to investigate such allegations and protect children from further harm.

SUMMIT REPORT: Best practices and key challenges on interagency cooperation to safeguard unaccompanied children from going missing
Federica Toscano, Karen Shalev Greene
According to Europol, 10,000 unaccompanied migrant children have disappeared within hours of being registered and only a handful have been found since. The study calls for improved cooperation between law enforcement, social workers in shelters and reception centres, guardians, hotlines for missing children and other parties to better prevent and respond to the disappearance of unaccompanied children.

SAFETY AND FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AT STAKE FOR CHILDREN ON THE MOVE: CALL FOR THE EU AND EUROPEAN COUNTRIES TO IMPLEMENT A CHILD RIGHTS PERSPECTIVE IN THE RECEPTION OF MIGRATING CHILDREN
Karin Fagerholm, Rhea Verheul
Children on the move face many safety risks and concerns and when Europe is not proving able to handle the influx of migrants from a child rights perspective, these risks become even more severe. The European Ombudspersons for Children (ENOC) therefore decided to develop this report, to establish an overview of the current safety risks for children on the move in Europe and of the degree to which they have access to their rights, both while travelling to and through Europe and upon arrival in their country of destination.

New approaches, alternative avenues and means of access to asylum procedures for persons seeking international protection
European Parliament
Upon request by the LIBE committee, this study examines the workings of the Common European Asylum System (CEAS), in order to assess the need and potential for new approaches to ensure access to protection for people seeking it in the EU, including joint processing and distribution of asylum seekers.

Cut Off From Justice: The impact of excluding separated migrant children from legal aid
Dr Helen Connolly, Ilona Pinter
A new report by The Children's Society "Cut Off From Justice: The impact of excluding separated migrant children from legal aid" finds that the removal of legal aid for most immigration cases means that many children, including those in local authority care, are at risk of abuse or exploitation because their immigration status cannot be resolved, increasing their vulnerability.

How to ensure undocumented migrants’ right to housing and shelter
Anon
PICUM together with FEANTSA and EAPN launch their new report outlining
strategies and good practices to overcome barriers for undocumented migrants to access housing and shelter.

Policies, practices and data on unaccompanied minors in the EU Member States
European Commission
All policies relating to unaccompanied minors released by the European Commission.

Missing, Lost, and Displaced Children in Postwar Germany: The Great Struggle to Provide for the War’s Youngest Victims
Michelle Mouton
This article explores the struggle to locate, identify, and provide for missing, lost, and displaced German children after 1945.

Children on the move
Andrea Vonkeman

Connections between actors involved in reception and protection of children
Nadine Finch
The research looked at law and practice in Italy, the Netherlands, Sweden and the United Kingdom and one of the three particular areas of research was the disappearance of unaccompanied and separated migrant and trafficked children.

Unseen, unreported, unprotected: bringing Asylum Seekers and Refugees into the Missing and Child Sexual Exploitation Agendas
Stela Stansfield and Chinyere Ajayi
Anecdotal evidence has been gathered of children going missing but not reported to the police or any other services. Similarly, cases were identified of children who were being exploited but not known to services.

Children's rights must be a priority in the strategic guidelines
Anon
This submission's aim is to raise awareness among EU countries in Children disappearances especially those affected by migration. More support is needed by creating institutions that will help them.

Media-Friendly Glossary on Migration
Anon
Offers journalists a media-friendly glossary of terms in multiple languages to ensure specificity and accuracy in their word choice

Sans Papiers- The Social and Economic Lives of Young Undocumented Migrants
Alice Bloch, Nando Sigona, Roger Zetter
Sans Papiers combines a contemporary account of the theoretical and policy debates with an in-depth exploration of the lived experiences of undocumented migrants in the UK from Zimbabwe, China, Brazil, Ukraine and Turkish Kurdistan.

Undocumented Children in Europe: Invisible Victims of Immigration Restrictions
Luca Bicocchi, Michele LeVoy
This report focuses on the needs of undocumented migrant minors across nine different EU countries.

What YOU can do to protect children on the move
Mike Dottridge
Handbook to enable organisations to review how they prevent child trafficking and exploitation, and whether they ensure that the best interests of the child guide their activities

The educational integration of separated minors: a comparison of the situations in France and Quebec
Eva Lemaire
It investigates the educational experiences of thirty-two separated children (unaccompanied minors seeking refuge) in two different regions: the Ile-de-France (Paris) region of France and the province of Quebec in Canada.

Disappearing, departing, running away. A surfeit of children in Europe
Anon
Study carried out in Belgium, France, Spain and Switzerland on the disappearances of unaccompanied foreign minors placed in institutions. This publication seeks to contribute ways of improving the care of unaccompanied foreign minors arriving in European countries.

Stranger child abduction and guardianship: Accompaniment and surveillance in attempted and completed cases
Craig J. R. Collie, Karen Shalev Greene
he Routine Activity Theory construct of capable guardianship is used to examine the features of 78 cases of stranger child abduction, using an outcome-based approach to establishing the effectiveness of various potential sources of guardianship in preventing abduction attempts from becoming completed, and to test widely held and taught beliefs on this subject.

An exploratory study of residential child abduction: An examination of offender, victim and offense characteristics
J Shelton, M Hilts, M MacKizer
Child abduction is every parent and community's worst nightmare. Specifically, a
child abducted from inside a residence can be a source of great panic and give the perception that the four walls of one's home offer little or no protection from offenders who ...

The effectiveness of victim resistance strategies against stranger child abduction:an analysis of attempted and completed cases
Karen Shalev Greene
This article examines resistance strategies thought to reduce the likelihood that a child will be able to overcome an attempted stranger child abduction event.

International child abduction cases in Hungary: A comprehensive summary of statistics, legal framework and important case law
Tamás Dezső Ziegler
This article summarizes the background of child abduction cases related to Hungary, giving a comprehensive analysis of such cases between the period of 2000 and 2014.

Examining 19 years of officially reported child abduction incidents (1995–2013): employing a four category typology of abduction
Jeffrey A. Walsha, Jessie L. Krienerta, Cayla L. Comensa
Child abduction has generated extensive media attention due to deep-seated fear elicited by infamous incidents. This study emphasizes differences across abductors/victims in a four category relationship-based typology, including a newer category – ‘intimate partner abductions’.

Beyond Stranger Danger
Geoff Newiss
Research by Parents and Abducted Children Together (PACT) finds that ‘stranger danger’ approaches to keeping children safe are still common place. Many parents talk to children about ‘stranger danger’, and in the aftermath of a local incident police and teachers sometimes run ‘stranger danger’ safety classes. This paper explores the main themes of ‘stranger danger’.

Victim and Offender in Stranger Child Abduction
"Craig Collie & Dr. Karen Shalev-Greene "
It was also found that being accompanied by other children was actually more risky than being unaccompanied, which refutes expectations. Recommendations for program modification based on these findings are discussed.

The blue light social services? Responding to repeat reports to the police of people missing from institutional locations
Carol Hayden & Karen Shalev-Greene
The issues that arise in responding to repeat reports to the policing of people missing from institutional locations (such as hospitals, mental health units and children's residential care) are the focus of this article.

Missing Persons A handbook of research
Karen Shalev Greene and Llian Alys
This groundbreaking book brings together for the first time ideas and expertise across this vast subject area into one interconnected publication. It explores the subjects of missing children, missing adults, the investigative process of missing person cases, and the families of missing persons.

Missing Persons: Multidisciplinary Perspectives on the Disappeared
Dennis Raphael
Derek Congram’s new collection responds to growing public awareness of persons who have disappeared due to armed conflict, repressive regimes, criminal behaviour, and racist and colonial policies towards Indigenous persons and minority populations.

Missing and Exploited Children
M. Alexis Kennedy
Children who leave home as runaways or are forced from their homes without alternative placements (thrownaways) are at great risk for being sexually exploited through commercial sexual activity or prostitution.

Breaking the cycle: Collaborating and behaving differently to improve the outcomes and experiences of missing children
Kerry Wade
The purpose of this paper is to explore how, by encouraging all key stakeholders to “play nicely and act maturely” to share responsibility, the author was able to improve outcomes for children reported missing to Gwent Police. The paper shows that sharing responsibility is a critical factor in such collaboration, requiring people and agencies to let go of power that usually interferes with a preparedness to avoid blame, a willingness to enjoy the rewards of success and together manage the risks.

Running the Risks: The links between gang involvement and young people going missing
Rachel Sturrock and Lucy Holmes
The UK Missing Persons Bureau estimates that as many as 160,000 children and young people are reported missing every year. Research from the Children’s Society over the past decade has shed some light on this issue and the recent spotlight on CSE has pushed the issue of children and young people going missing up the political agenda. However, the link between gang involvement and going missing from home is still very much unknown, with no specific research or national data collected indicating how many are affected.

Missing 16 and 17 Year Olds
Anon
An exploration of why 16 and 17 year olds go missing, what support they have and what their outcomes are.

Missing Children: A Two Way Approach
Pooja Jaswani*, Kratika Singh Chauhan, Tanya Tyagi
This project on missing children was deliberated upon the media reports on the increase of the number of missing children in year 2013-2014. A thorough investigation was conducted in classifying the various trends in the increase of the registered number of missing cases in Delhi.